"erthe" meaning in Middle English

See erthe in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈeːrð(ə)/, /ˈɛːrð(ə)/
Etymology: From Old English eorþe, from Proto-West Germanic *erþu, from Proto-Germanic *erþō. Etymology templates: {{etymon|enm|:inh|ang:eorþe|id=earth}} [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "earth", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₁er-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*erþō", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*erþu", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old English", "term" : "eorþe", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ang" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "erthe", "lang" : "enm" }" data-id="earth" data-lang="enm" data-title="erthe" id="Middle_English:_earth">, {{inh|enm|ang|eorþe}} Old English eorþe, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*erþu}} Proto-West Germanic *erþu, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*erþō}} Proto-Germanic *erþō Head templates: {{head|enm|noun}} erthe Forms: eerthe [alternative], erde [alternative], ereth [alternative], erth [alternative], erþ [alternative], erþe [alternative], earþe [alternative, Early-Middle-English], erðe [alternative, Early-Middle-English], eorth [alternative, Early-Middle-English], herðe [alternative, Early-Middle-English], eorðe [alternative], horðe [alternative], horþe [alternative], ȝerthe [alternative, Late-Middle-English], irthe [alternative, Late-Middle-English], yerth [alternative, Late-Middle-English], yerthe [alternative, Late-Middle-English], yrþe [alternative, Late-Middle-English], orþe [alternative, Kent], eirthe [alternative], eyrthe [alternative], eorthe [alternative], eorþe [alternative], urþe [alternative], urthe [alternative], oerþ [alternative], oerþe [alternative]
  1. Earth; the world Categories (place): Earth
    Sense id: en-erthe-enm-noun-kUgkrGkf Disambiguation of Earth: 43 22 0 1 15 17 0 0 Categories (other): Geology Disambiguation of Geology: 15 33 4 32 4 4 4 4
  2. The Earth's people or inhabitants
    Sense id: en-erthe-enm-noun-se0pO2LG Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal), Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Collectives, Geology, Units of measure Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 3 27 6 13 17 3 9 22 Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal): 4 19 9 11 22 4 10 22 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 7 53 7 7 20 7 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 4 37 4 4 10 4 9 28 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 3 47 3 3 6 3 5 31 Disambiguation of Collectives: 2 77 2 2 3 2 2 8 Disambiguation of Geology: 15 33 4 32 4 4 4 4 Disambiguation of Units of measure: 3 67 3 3 3 3 3 14
  3. country, realm
    Sense id: en-erthe-enm-noun-ZsHYKUAZ
  4. land, terrain
    Sense id: en-erthe-enm-noun-DleoyiVY Categories (other): Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal), Geology Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal): 4 19 9 11 22 4 10 22 Disambiguation of Geology: 15 33 4 32 4 4 4 4
  5. ground, earth, dirt, soil, clay
    Sense id: en-erthe-enm-noun-qGg8uLhy Categories (other): Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal) Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal): 4 19 9 11 22 4 10 22
  6. earth (one of the alchemical elements)
    Sense id: en-erthe-enm-noun-xYZ7D1h1
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: erthe quave, erthe schakynge, erthequake, ertheward, myddelerthe Related terms: erthe dyne, erthe hous, erthely, erthen
Etymology number: 1 Categories (other): Government Disambiguation of Government: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Noun

IPA: /ˈeːrð(ə)/, /ˈɛːrð(ə)/ Forms: erþe [alternative]
Etymology: From Old English yrþ; equivalent to eren (“to plough”) + -the (abstract nominal suffix). Compare erd (“home”). Etymology templates: {{dercat|enm|gmw-pro|gem-pro|inh=2}}, {{inh|enm|ang|yrþ}} Old English yrþ, {{af|enm|eren|-the|id1=to plough|id2=abstract nominal|pos2=abstract nominal suffix|t1=to plough}} eren (“to plough”) + -the (abstract nominal suffix) Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} erthe, {{enm-noun|-}} erthe (uncountable)
  1. The ploughing of soil. Tags: rare, uncountable
    Sense id: en-erthe-enm-noun-jPt7LWgw Categories (other): Agriculture Disambiguation of Agriculture: 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0
  2. The amount of land ploughable in a day. Tags: rare, uncountable
    Sense id: en-erthe-enm-noun-xCXtQqSx Categories (other): Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal) Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal): 4 19 9 11 22 4 10 22
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2 Categories (other): Government Disambiguation of Government: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Alternative forms

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "enm",
      "name": "Government",
      "orig": "enm:Government",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "erthe quave"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "erthe schakynge"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "erthequake"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ertheward"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "myddelerthe"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "earth"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "Earth"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "erd"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yerd"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yird"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yirth"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "Yird"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "erd"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "erd"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yerd"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yird"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yirth"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "Yird"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "erde"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "erd"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yerd"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yird"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yirth"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "Yird"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "ȝerd"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "erd"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yerd"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yird"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yirth"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "Yird"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "ȝeird"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "erth"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "eart"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "eard"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "eord"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "eorth"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:eorþe",
        "id": "earth"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"earth\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁er-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*erþō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*erþu\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"eorþe\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"erthe\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-id=\"earth\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"erthe\" id=\"Middle_English:_earth\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "eorþe"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English eorþe",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*erþu"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *erþu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*erþō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *erþō",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English eorþe, from Proto-West Germanic *erþu, from Proto-Germanic *erþō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "eerthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ereth",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erth",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erþ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erðe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eorth",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "herðe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eorðe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "horðe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "horþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ȝerthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yerth",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yerthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yrþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "orþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Kent"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eirthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eyrthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eorthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eorþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oerþ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oerþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "erthe",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "erthe dyne"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "erthe hous"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "erthely"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "erthen"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "15 33 4 32 4 4 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Geology",
          "orig": "enm:Geology",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 22 0 1 15 17 0 0",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Earth",
          "orig": "enm:Earth",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              126,
              131
            ]
          ],
          "english": "And I said, “Sir, in his time, Mr. John Wycliffe was held by very many men to be the greatest clergyman that they knew living upon the Earth. And therewith he was deemed, I guess deservingly, an excellent, regular man who was innocent in all his doing […] .”",
          "ref": "1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, page 40:",
          "text": "And I seide, “Ser, in his tyme maister Ioon Wiclef was holden of ful many men the grettis clerk that thei knewen lyuynge vpon erthe. And therwith he was named, as I gesse worthili, a passing reuli man and an innocent in al his lyuynge[…].”",
          "translation": "And I said, “Sir, in his time, Mr. John Wycliffe was held by very many men to be the greatest clergyman that they knew living upon the Earth. And therewith he was deemed, I guess deservingly, an excellent, regular man who was innocent in all his doing […] .”",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Earth; the world"
      ],
      "id": "en-erthe-enm-noun-kUgkrGkf",
      "links": [
        [
          "Earth",
          "Earth#English"
        ],
        [
          "world",
          "world#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 27 6 13 17 3 9 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 19 9 11 22 4 10 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 53 7 7 20 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 37 4 4 10 4 9 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 47 3 3 6 3 5 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 77 2 2 3 2 2 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Collectives",
          "orig": "enm:Collectives",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 33 4 32 4 4 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Geology",
          "orig": "enm:Geology",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 67 3 3 3 3 3 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Units of measure",
          "orig": "enm:Units of measure",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The Earth's people or inhabitants"
      ],
      "id": "en-erthe-enm-noun-se0pO2LG",
      "links": [
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ],
        [
          "inhabitant",
          "inhabitant"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "country, realm"
      ],
      "id": "en-erthe-enm-noun-ZsHYKUAZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "country",
          "country"
        ],
        [
          "realm",
          "realm"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 19 9 11 22 4 10 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 33 4 32 4 4 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Geology",
          "orig": "enm:Geology",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "land, terrain"
      ],
      "id": "en-erthe-enm-noun-DleoyiVY",
      "links": [
        [
          "land",
          "land"
        ],
        [
          "terrain",
          "terrain"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 19 9 11 22 4 10 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ground, earth, dirt, soil, clay"
      ],
      "id": "en-erthe-enm-noun-qGg8uLhy",
      "links": [
        [
          "ground",
          "ground"
        ],
        [
          "earth",
          "earth"
        ],
        [
          "dirt",
          "dirt"
        ],
        [
          "soil",
          "soil"
        ],
        [
          "clay",
          "clay"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "earth (one of the alchemical elements)"
      ],
      "id": "en-erthe-enm-noun-xYZ7D1h1",
      "links": [
        [
          "earth",
          "earth"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈeːrð(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɛːrð(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "erthe"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "enm",
      "name": "Government",
      "orig": "enm:Government",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "confused with Etymology 1"
      ],
      "word": "earth"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "yrþ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English yrþ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "eren",
        "3": "-the",
        "id1": "to plough",
        "id2": "abstract nominal",
        "pos2": "abstract nominal suffix",
        "t1": "to plough"
      },
      "expansion": "eren (“to plough”) + -the (abstract nominal suffix)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English yrþ; equivalent to eren (“to plough”) + -the (abstract nominal suffix). Compare erd (“home”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "erþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "erthe",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "erthe (uncountable)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Agriculture",
          "orig": "enm:Agriculture",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The ploughing of soil."
      ],
      "id": "en-erthe-enm-noun-jPt7LWgw",
      "links": [
        [
          "ploughing",
          "ploughing"
        ],
        [
          "soil",
          "soil"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 19 9 11 22 4 10 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The amount of land ploughable in a day."
      ],
      "id": "en-erthe-enm-noun-xCXtQqSx",
      "links": [
        [
          "amount",
          "amount"
        ],
        [
          "land",
          "land"
        ],
        [
          "ploughable",
          "ploughable"
        ],
        [
          "day",
          "day"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈeːrð(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɛːrð(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "erthe"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁er- (earth)",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal)",
    "Middle English terms with quotations",
    "Middle English terms with rare senses",
    "Middle English uncountable nouns",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Agriculture",
    "enm:Collectives",
    "enm:Earth",
    "enm:Geology",
    "enm:Government",
    "enm:Units of measure"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "erthe quave"
    },
    {
      "word": "erthe schakynge"
    },
    {
      "word": "erthequake"
    },
    {
      "word": "ertheward"
    },
    {
      "word": "myddelerthe"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "earth"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "Earth"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "erd"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yerd"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yird"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yirth"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "Yird"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "erd"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "erd"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yerd"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yird"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yirth"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "Yird"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "erde"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "erd"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yerd"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yird"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yirth"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "Yird"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "ȝerd"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "erd"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yerd"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yird"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "yirth"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "Yird"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "ȝeird"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "erth"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "eart"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "eard"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "eord"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "eorth"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:eorþe",
        "id": "earth"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"earth\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁er-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*erþō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*erþu\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"eorþe\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"erthe\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-id=\"earth\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"erthe\" id=\"Middle_English:_earth\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "eorþe"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English eorþe",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*erþu"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *erþu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*erþō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *erþō",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English eorþe, from Proto-West Germanic *erþu, from Proto-Germanic *erþō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "eerthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ereth",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erth",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erþ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erðe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eorth",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "herðe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eorðe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "horðe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "horþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ȝerthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yerth",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yerthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yrþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "orþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Kent"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eirthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eyrthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eorthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eorþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oerþ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oerþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "erthe",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "erthe dyne"
    },
    {
      "word": "erthe hous"
    },
    {
      "word": "erthely"
    },
    {
      "word": "erthen"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              126,
              131
            ]
          ],
          "english": "And I said, “Sir, in his time, Mr. John Wycliffe was held by very many men to be the greatest clergyman that they knew living upon the Earth. And therewith he was deemed, I guess deservingly, an excellent, regular man who was innocent in all his doing […] .”",
          "ref": "1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, page 40:",
          "text": "And I seide, “Ser, in his tyme maister Ioon Wiclef was holden of ful many men the grettis clerk that thei knewen lyuynge vpon erthe. And therwith he was named, as I gesse worthili, a passing reuli man and an innocent in al his lyuynge[…].”",
          "translation": "And I said, “Sir, in his time, Mr. John Wycliffe was held by very many men to be the greatest clergyman that they knew living upon the Earth. And therewith he was deemed, I guess deservingly, an excellent, regular man who was innocent in all his doing […] .”",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Earth; the world"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Earth",
          "Earth#English"
        ],
        [
          "world",
          "world#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The Earth's people or inhabitants"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ],
        [
          "inhabitant",
          "inhabitant"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "country, realm"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "country",
          "country"
        ],
        [
          "realm",
          "realm"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "land, terrain"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "land",
          "land"
        ],
        [
          "terrain",
          "terrain"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ground, earth, dirt, soil, clay"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ground",
          "ground"
        ],
        [
          "earth",
          "earth"
        ],
        [
          "dirt",
          "dirt"
        ],
        [
          "soil",
          "soil"
        ],
        [
          "clay",
          "clay"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "earth (one of the alchemical elements)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "earth",
          "earth"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈeːrð(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɛːrð(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "erthe"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal)",
    "Middle English terms with quotations",
    "Middle English terms with rare senses",
    "Middle English uncountable nouns",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Agriculture",
    "enm:Collectives",
    "enm:Earth",
    "enm:Geology",
    "enm:Government",
    "enm:Units of measure"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "confused with Etymology 1"
      ],
      "word": "earth"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "yrþ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English yrþ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "eren",
        "3": "-the",
        "id1": "to plough",
        "id2": "abstract nominal",
        "pos2": "abstract nominal suffix",
        "t1": "to plough"
      },
      "expansion": "eren (“to plough”) + -the (abstract nominal suffix)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English yrþ; equivalent to eren (“to plough”) + -the (abstract nominal suffix). Compare erd (“home”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "erþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "erthe",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "erthe (uncountable)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The ploughing of soil."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ploughing",
          "ploughing"
        ],
        [
          "soil",
          "soil"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The amount of land ploughable in a day."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "amount",
          "amount"
        ],
        [
          "land",
          "land"
        ],
        [
          "ploughable",
          "ploughable"
        ],
        [
          "day",
          "day"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈeːrð(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɛːrð(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "erthe"
}

Download raw JSONL data for erthe meaning in Middle English (10.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-05-01 using wiktextract (e973cf0 and ae80fde). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.